Présentation de l'éditeur

L'école du Centre-Ouest des Avocats (ECOA) et l'équipe de recherche en droit privé (ERDP) de l'Université de Poitiers ont organisé le 11 octobre 2019 un colloque intitulé « Le consentement du salarié, après dix ans de réformes du droit du travail : de la modernisation du marché du travail (2008) aux ordonnances Macron (2017) ». Dix ans pendant lesquels le salarié a été fréquemment sollicité par le législateur, tant pour consentir à des modifications de sa relation de travail que pour mettre un terme à celle-ci, dix ans pendant lesquels, aussi, le législateur a écarté ce consentement ou ce qui en est l'envers :
le refus. À partir de ces choix, interprétés par le juge, se sont dessinées de nouvelles voies conventionnelles et de nouvelles fonctions aux expressions de la volonté du salarié. C'est ce que les participants à cette rencontre ont exploré. Leurs principales contributions ont été rassemblées dans cet ouvrage.

Présentation de l'éditeur

Après avoir abordé, dans le premier tome, le concept de sécurité nationale dans le droit des traités, ce tome s'attache à analyser la manière avec laquelle les États font évoluer le droit international par le recours aux comportements unilatéraux. Les mesures et politiques unilatérales, sans être nécessairement opposées au droit négocié des traités, peuvent créer du désordre dans le paysage normatif international comme le montrent les sanctions économiques unilatérales du Trésor des États-Unis à l'encontre de plusieurs États. Elles peuvent aussi contribuer à la formation de nouvelles règles coutumières, comme le mettent en lumière notamment les opérations de légitime défense dirigées contre des groupes armés non étatiques au Proche-Orient, en Afrique ou ailleurs. L'approche envisagée fait appel à la fois à la technique juridique et à la sociologie des relations internationales.

Présentation de l'éditeur

Is there a future for the law? In this book, Florian Grisel addresses one of the most fascinating questions raised by social scientists in the past few decades. Since the 1980s, socio-legal scholars have argued that governance based on social norms (or “private governance”) can offer an alternative to regulation by the law. On this account, private governance could be socially efficient and even optimal compared with other modes of governance.

The Limits of Private Governance supplements this optimistic analysis of private governance by assessing the long-term evolution of a private order in the fishery of Marseille. In the last eight centuries, the fishers of Marseille have regulated their community without apparent means of legal support from the French state. In the early 15th century, they even created an organisation called the Prud'homie de Pêche in order to regulate their fishery.

Based on archival evidence, interviews and ethnographic data, Grisel examines the evolution of the Prud'homie de Pêche and argues that the strong social norms in which it is embedded are not only powerful tools of governance, but also forces of inertia that have constrained its regulatory action.

The lessons drawn from this book will appeal to academics, policy-makers and members of the general public who have an interest in the governance of our modern societies.

Sommaire

PART I. GENESIS

1. Social Order in the Fishery of Marseille
I. Introduction
II. The Rise of Private Orders
A. The Pioneers of Private Ordering: Two Main Strands of Scholarship
B. The Building Blocks of Private Governance
C. Challenges
D. Methodology
III. The Prud'homie: A System of Private Governance?
A. Long-Term Relations
B. Circulation of Information
C. The Paradox of the Prud'homie
IV. Norms and Rules in Systems of Private Governance
A. Norm-Based Order
B. Rule-Based Order
V. Conclusion

2. From Norms to Rules
I. Introduction
II. The Fishers of Marseille and their Social Norms
A. Cooperation Among Fishers in Ancient Marseille
B. The Guild of Fishers in the Commune of Marseille
C. Norms and Conflict Resolution in the Middle Ages
III. The Birth of the Prud'homie and its Rule-Making Functions
A. The Medieval Notion of Prud'homie
B. The Birth of the Prud'homie
C. The Rule-Making Functions of the Prud'homie
i. Creating Rules
ii. Collecting Rules
iii. Applying Rules
IV. Accommodating New Practices: The Case of the Floating Nets
A. Floating Nets and Tuna Fishing
B. Floating Nets and Sardine Fishing
V. Conclusion

PART II. RESISTANCE

3. Along Came Globalisation
I. Introduction
II. The Madragues in the Fishery of Marseille
A. The Equal-Shareholding System
B. The Tenancy System
C. Growing Debt and Social Conflicts
D. The Proliferation of the Madragues and the Decline of Tuna Stocks
III. Labour Migrations and the Arrival of the Catalans
A. The Arrival of the Catalans
B. Tit-for-Tat in the Fishery of Marseille
C. Increased Tensions
IV. Conclusion

4. A Battle of Norms
I. Introduction
II. Engines and Dragnets
A. The Rise of the Engine as a Prime Mover
B. In Defence of Dragnets: Bregin, Eyssaugue, Gangui and Pêche au Boeuf
C. Modernity Meets History: The Race Towards Engine Power
i. Set-Net Fishing
ii. Purse-Seine Fishing
iii. Trawler Fishing
III. Dynamite Fishing
A. Explosives and Dynamite
B. Lethal Weapons in the Fishery of Marseille
C. Blasting the Fishery: The Use of Dynamite in Marseille
IV. Electric Light as Bait
A. The Tradition of Fire Fishing
B. The Birth of the 'fée électricité'
i. Accommodating Traditional and Modern Techniques: The Emergence of the Lamparo
V. Conclusion
Postscript: Provençal Poem by Pierre Molinari (1875), The Massacre of the Sea Perpetrated by the Tradespeople or the Destruction of Fish

PART III. COLLAPSE

5. Law and (Private) Order
I. Introduction
II. The Creeping Codification of the Prud'homie
A. The Great Maritime Ordinance of 1681
B. The Council of State's Decision of 1738
C. The Presidential Decrees of 1852 and 1859
D. Challenges to the Powers of the Prud'homie before the Supreme Court
i. The Canesse Case
ii. The Galiffet Case
E. The Decree of 1852
F. The Decree of 1859
III. The State Strikes Back
A. A Failed Attempt to Curtail the Prud'homie's Powers
B. Grandval and the Decision of the Council of State (1962)
IV. Fill or Kill: The EU's Regulatory Agenda
A. The EU Enters the Game: Regulating the Fishery from Above
B. The Prud'homie: 'Not a Court or Tribunal'?
V. Conclusion

6. Between Facts and Beliefs
I. Introduction
II. The Precarious Survival of the Prud'homie
A. The Community of Fishers in the Past Decades
i. A Social Trauma: The Bombing of St Jean (1943)
ii. Demographic Changes
B. Whither the Prud'homie?
i. The Prud'homie: An Empty Regulatory Shell?
ii. The Prud'homie as a Cultural Symbol
iii. The Persistence of Social Norms
III. The Limits of Private Governance
A. Open Norms, Closed Rules
B. Normative Resilience, Institutional Schizophrenia and Paranomie
C. The Nature of Social Norms
IV. Conclusion

Présentation de l'éditeur

A centosettant’anni dalla morte del suo autore, la «Comédie humaine» continua a esercitare un’irresistibile attrazione: per gli scrittori, non meno che per gli storici e gli economisti. La critica letteraria più recente ha, d’altronde, ripetutamente messo in luce la duplice vocazione di Balzac, il suo essere, a un tempo, un «peintre» e un «penseur», capace di descrivere la realtà in tutti i suoi aspetti e di riflettere su di essi. Strumento privilegiato di conoscenza, i romanzi di Balzac esercitano un fascino irresistibile anche per gli studiosi del diritto. Rappresentando la società francese nella prima metà dell'Ottocento, segnata dall’avvento del capitalismo e, in campo normativo, delle codificazioni napoleoniche, essi offrono l’occasione per mettere a fuoco alcuni problemi fondamentali dell’esperienza giuridica. Contratto e successioni; credito e mercato finanziario; iniziativa economica, concorrenza, insolvenza; crisi della giustizia: la penna di Balzac non manca mai di coglierne i tratti essenziali, i nodi universali e inevitabilmente irrisolti. Leggendo le pagine della «Comédie» e la riflessione intorno al diritto ad esse affidate, è allora possibile compiere, oltre a una straordinaria esperienza estetica, anche e soprattutto un’esperienza di verità.

Giuseppe Guizzi è professore ordinario di diritto commerciale nell’Università di Napoli Federico II. Condirettore della «Rivista di diritto commerciale e del diritto generale e delle obbligazioni» e dell’«Osservatorio del diritto civile e commerciale», ha pubblicato: «Gestione rappresentativa e attività di impresa» (Cedam, 1997); «Il titolo azionario come strumento di legittimazione» (Giuffrè, 2000); «Il mercato concorrenziale: problemi e conflitti» (Giuffrè, 2010); «Gestione dell’impresa e interferenze di interessi» (Giuffrè, 2014).

Sommaire

Premessa

I. Balzac e l’esperienza giuridica

II. L’autonomia negoziale e l’ingiustizia del contratto: Il curato di Tours, Gobseck e Le Cousin Pons

III. Captes astutus ubique testamenta senum: lotte per la successione in Ursule Mirouët e Le Cousin Pons

IV. Il denaro è una merce: credito, usura e lettres de change nella Comédie humaine

V. Agli albori della rivoluzione industriale: iniziativa economica e concorrenza in César Birotteau e Illusioni perdute

VI. Storie di insolvenza e fallimento: Eugénie Grandet e César Birotteau

VII. Papà Grandet e Frédéric de Nucingen: la speculazione finanziaria al tempo della Restaurazione

VIII. Un cattivo accomodamento vale più di un buon processo: Balzac e la crisi della giustizia

A modo di congedo…