Présentation de l'éditeur

On peut hésiter, en faisant l’histoire de sa famille, à fouiller dans les archives des tribunaux. Ne risque-t-on pas de retrouver un ancêtre jugé pour vol ou homicide, condamné à la prison, déporté à Cayenne, voire guillotiné, illustrant de fâcheuse manière une branche morte de l’arbre généalogique ? Au-delà de cette réticence, rentrer dans les papiers du monde de la chicane, c’est aussi craindre de s’égarer dans le maquis des procédures et d’actes aux noms peu compréhensibles.

Ce livre a pour objet de vaincre ces appréhensions en présentant les documents utiles à la connaissance de l’état civil et de la vie des personnes qui ont fréquenté les tribunaux : leur personnel bien sûr, mais surtout les justiciables, nombreux à faire valoir leurs droits devant les tribunaux civils. Une partie des fonds de la justice porte d’ailleurs directement sur l’état des personnes (état civil, nationalité) et la famille dont la justice protège les membres les plus faibles (mineurs n’ayant pas la capacité juridique, par exemple).

Au-delà de l’éclairage donné aux rapports familiaux, l’intérêt majeur des archives judiciaires est de faire revivre, dans le règlement des différends civils comme dans les instructions criminelles, la vie quotidienne des hommes des siècles passés, dans leurs relations sociales inhérentes à leur famille, à leur travail et à leur cadre de vie, village rural ou quartier de grande ville. Pour une telle découverte, pas besoin d’être juriste. À condition de connaître les lieux où ont vécu les ancêtres, on peut tenter de retrouver leur trace tant dans les archives d’une cour d’assises – comme témoins, victimes et pas seulement accusés ! – que dans celles d’une justice de paix, d’un tribunal de première instance ou d’un conseil de guerre.

Présentation de l'éditeur

This new account of the influence of Magna Carta on the development of English public law is based largely on unpublished manuscripts. The story was discontinuous. Between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries the charter was practically a spent force. Late-medieval law lectures gave no hint of its later importance, and even in the 1550s a commentary on Magna Carta by William Fleetwood was still cast in the late-medieval mould. Constitutional issues rarely surfaced in the courts. But a new impetus was given to chapter 29 in 1581 by the 'Puritan' barrister Robert Snagge, and by the speeches and tracts of his colleagues, and by 1587 it was being exploited by lawyers in a variety of contexts. Edward Coke seized on the new learning at once. He made extensive claims for chapter 29 while at the bar, linking it with habeas corpus, and then as a judge (1606–16) he deployed it with effect in challenging encroachments on the common law. The book ends in 1616 with the lectures of Francis Ashley, summarising the new learning, and (a few weeks later) Coke's dismissal for defending too vigorously the liberty of the subject under the common law.

• Provides a new history of early modern constitutional law, concentrating on the protection of personal liberties through recourse to Magna Carta

• Shows how constitutional developments occurred in practice, looking at real cases and highlighting the importance of unpublished legal texts

• Includes new biographical and bibliographical material, which will be of interest to historians both of historical thought and of legal literature

Présentation de l'éditeur

This second volume of ReConFort, published open access, addresses the decisive role of constitutional normativity, and focuses on discourses concerning the legal role of constitutional norms. Taken together with ReConFort I (National Sovereignty), it calls for an innovative reassessment of constitutional history drawing on key categories to convey the legal nature of the constitution itself (national sovereignty, precedence, justiciability of power, judiciary as constituted power).

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, constitutional normativity began to complete the legal fixation of the entire political order. This juridification in one constitutional text resulted in a conceptual differentiation from ordinary law, which extends to alterability and justiciability. The early expressions of this ‘new order of the ages’ suggest an unprecedented and irremediable break with European legal tradition, be it with British colonial governance or the French ancien régime. In fact, while the shift to constitutions as a hierarchically ‘higher’ form of positive law was a revolutionary change, it also drew upon old liberties. The American constitutional discourse, which was itself heavily influenced by British common law, in turn served as an inspiration for a variety of constitutional experiments – from the French Revolution to Napoleon’s downfall, in the halls of the Frankfurt Assembly, on the road to a unified Italy, and in the later theoretical discourse of twentieth-century Austria. If the constitution states the legal rules for the law-making process, then its Kelsian primacy is mandatory.

Also included in this volume are the French originals and English translations of two vital documents. The first – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès’ Du Jury Constitutionnaire (1795) – highlights an early attempt to reconcile the democratic values of the French Revolution with the pragmatic need to legally protect the Revolution. The second – the 1812 draft of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland – presents the ‘constitutional propaganda’ of the Russian Tsar Alexander I to bargain for the support of the Lithuanian and Polish nobility. These documents open new avenues of research into Europe’s constitutional history: one replete with diverse contexts and national experiences, but above all an overarching motif of constitutional decisiveness that served to complete the juridification of sovereignty. (www.reconfort.eu)

Sommaire

- A New Order of the Ages. Normativity and Precedence

Müßig, Ulrike

- The Development of Constitutional Precedence and the Constitutionalization of Individual Rights

Stourzh, Gerald

- “To Which Constitution the Further Laws of the Present Sejm Have to Adhere to in All…” Constitutional Precedence of the 3 May System

Tarnowska, Anna

- The Codification of the Polish Substantial Criminal Law in the Sejm Debates 1818

Byczyk, Marcin

- Constitutional Precedence and the Genesis of the Belgian Constitution of 1831

Deseure, Brecht

- Inaugurating a Dutch Napoleon? Conservative Criticism of the 1815 Constitution of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands

Dhondt, Frederik

- Constituent Power and Constitutionalism in 19th Century Norway

Holmøyvik, Eirik

- In Keeping with the Spirit of the Albertine Statute—Constitutionalisation of the National Unification

Mecca, Giuseppe

- Legal Hierarchies in the Works of Hans Kelsen and Adolf Julius Merkl

Olechowski, Thomas

Présentation de l'éditeur

This comprehensive two-volume collection includes some of the most important and influential articles published on the history of intellectual property. The seminal works compiled in these volumes encompass a broad variety of specific legal fields, periods and methodological perspectives. The collection focuses on the three main subfields of intellectual property: patent, copyright and trademark law. Volume I covers patent and copyright in Britain as well as U.S. patents. Volume II discusses U.S. copyright and trademarks along with colonial and international intellectual property law.

With an original introduction by the editor, this essential compilation will be of great interest to legal historians, economic historians and anyone interested in intellectual property and its history.

44 articles, dating from 1972 to 2016

Contributors include: C. Beauchamp, L. Bently, R.G. Bone, C. Fisk, H.T. Gómez-Arostegui, B.Z. Khan, M. Rose, B. Sherman, S. Wilf, M. Woodmansee

Sommaire

Volume I

Introduction Oren Bracha

PART I. EARLY ORIGINS

1. Pamela O. Long (1991), ‘Invention, Authorship, "Intellectual Property," and the Origin of Patents: Notes toward a Conceptual History’, Technology and Culture, 32 (4), October, 846–84

2. Joanna Kostylo (2010), ‘From Gunpowder to Print: The Common Origins of Copyright and Patent’, in Ronan Deazley, Martin Kretschmer and Lionel Bently (eds), Privilege and Property: Essays on the History of Copyright, Chapter 1, Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 21–50 

3. Carlo Marco Belfanti (2004), ‘Guilds, Patents, and the Circulation of Technical Knowledge: Northern Italy During the Early Modern Age’, Technology and Culture, 45 (3), July, 569–89 

4. Liliane Hilaire-Pérez (1991), ‘Invention and the State in 18th-Century France’, Technology and Culture, 32 (4), October, 911–31 

5. Martha Woodmansee (1984) ‘The Genius and the Copyright: Economic and Legal Conditions of the Emergence of the “Author”’, Eighteenth Century Studies, 17 (4), Summer, 425–48 

PART II. BRITISH PATENTS 

6. Chris R. Kyle (1988), ’But a New Button to an Old Coat: The Enactment of the Statute of Monopolies, 21 James I cap.3’, Journal of Legal History, 19 (3), December, 203–23 

7. Adam Mossoff (2001), ‘Rethinking the Development of Patents: An Intellectual History, 1550–1800’, Hastings Law Journal, 52 (6), August, 1255–322 

8. John N. Adams and Gwen Averley (1986), ‘The Patent Specification: The Role of Liardet v. Johnson’, Journal of Legal History, 7 (2), September, 156–77 

9. Eric Robinson (1972), ‘James Watt and the Law of Patents’, Technology and Culture, 13 (2), April, 115–39 

10. Christine MacLeod (1999), ‘Negotiating the Rewards of Invention: The Shop-Floor Inventor in Victorian Britain’, Business History, 41 (2), April, 17–36 

PART III. BRITISH COPYRIGHT

11. Ian Gadd (2016), ‘The Stationer’s Company in England before 1710’, in Isabella Alexander and H. Tomás Gómez-Arostegui (eds), Research Handbook on the History of Copyright Law, Chapter 5, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 81–95 

12. Ronan Deazley (2010), ‘The Statute of Anne and the Great Abridgement Swindle’, Houston Law Review, 47 (4), December, 793–818 

13. Mark Rose (1988), ‘The Author as Proprietor: Donaldson v. Becket and the Genealogy of Modern Authorship’, Representations, 23, Summer, 51–85 

14. H. Tomás Gómez-Arostegui (2014), ‘Copyright at Common Law in 1774—’, Connecticut Law Review, 47 (1), November, 1–57 

15. Will Slauter (2013) ‘Upright Piracy: Understanding the Lack of Copyright for Journalism in Eighteenth-Century Britain’, Book History, 16 (1), 34–61 

16. Isabella Alexander (2007), 'Criminalising Copyright: A Story of Publishers, Pirates and Pieces of Eight', Cambridge Law Journal, 66 (3), November, 625–56 

17. Jose Bellido and Kathy Bowrey (2014), ‘From the Author to the Proprietor: Newspaper Copyright and The Times (1842–1956)’, Journal of Media Law, 6 (2), 206–33 

PART IV. THE U.S. CONSTITUTIONAL CLAUSE 

18. Tyler T. Ochoa and Mark Rose (2002), ‘The Anti-Monopoly Origins of the Patent and Copyright Clause’, Journal, Copyright Society of the U.S.A., 49 (3), 675–706 

19. L. Ray Patterson and Craig Joyce (2003), 'Copyright in 1791: An Essay Concerning the Founders' View of the Copyright Power Granted to Congress in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the U.S. Constitution', Emory Law Journal, 52, 909–52 

PART V. AMERICAN PATENTS 

20. Mario Biagioli (2006), ‘Patent Republic: Representing Inventions, Constructing Rights and Authors’, Social Research, 73 (4), Winter, 1129–72 

21. Steven Lubar (1991), ‘The Transformation of Antebellum Patent Law’, Technology and Culture’, 32 (4), October, 932–59 

22. Kara W. Swanson (2009), ‘The Emergence of the Professional Patent Practitioner’, Technology and Culture, 50 (3), July, 519–48 

23. Adam Mossoff (2011), ‘The Rise and Fall of the First American Patent Thicket: The Sewing Machine War of the 1850s’, Arizona Law Review, 53 (1), 165–21 

24. Alain Pottage and Brad Sherman (2007), 'Organisms and Manufactures: On the History of Plant Inventions', Melbourne University Law Review, 31 (2), 539–68 

25. Steven W. Usselman and Richard R. John (2006), ‘Patent Politics: Intellectual Property, the Railroad Industry, and the Problem of Monopoly’, Journal of Policy History, 18 (1), 96–125 

26. Catherine L. Fisk (1998), ‘”Removing the Fuel” of Interest from the ‘Fire of Genius’: Law and the Employee Inventor, 1830-1930’, University of Chicago Law Review, 65 (4), Autumn, 1127–99 

27. Kara W. Swanson (2011), ‘Getting a Grip on the Corset: Gender, Sexuality, and Patent Law’, Yale Journal of Law and Feminism’, 23 (1), 57–115 

28. Christopher Beauchamp (2016), ‘The First Patent Litigation Explosion’, Yale Law Journal, 125 (4), February, 848–944 

Volume II

An introduction to both volumes by the editor appears in volume 1

PART I. AMERICAN COPYRIGHT

1. Jane C. Ginsburg (1990), ‘A Tale of Two Copyrights: Literary Property in Revolutionary France and America', Tulane Law Review, 64 (5), May, 991–1031 

2. Meredith L. McGill (1997), ‘The Matter of the Text: Commerce, Print Culture, and the Authority of the State in American Copyright Law’, American Literary History, 9 (1), Spring, 21–59 

3. Oren Bracha (2008), ‘The Ideology of Authorship Revisited: Authors, Markets, and Liberal Values in Early American Copyright’, Yale Law Journal, 118 (2), November, 186–271 

4. Robert Brauneis (2009), ‘The Transformation of Originality in the Progressive-Era Debate over Copyright in News’, Cardozo Arts and Entertainment Law Journal, 27 (2), 321–73 

5. Zvi S. Rosen (2007), ‘The Twilight of the Opera Pirates: A Prehistory of the Exclusive Right of Public Performance for Musical Compositions’, Cardozo Arts and Entertainment Law Journal, 24, 1157–1218 

PART II TRADEMARKS 

6. Paul Duguid (2009), ‘French Connections: The International Propagation of Trademarks in the Nineteenth Century’, Enterprise and Society, 10 (1), March 3–37 

7. Lionel Bently (2007), ‘The Making of Modern Trade Mark Law: The Construction of the Legal Concept of Trade Mark 1860–80’, in Lionel Bently, Jennifer Davis and Jane C. Ginsburg (eds), Trade Marks and Brands: An Interdisciplinary Critique, Chapter 1, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 3–41 

8. Robert G. Bone (2006), ‘Hunting Goodwill: A History of the Concept of Goodwill in Trademark Law’, Boston University Law Review, 86 (3), June, 547–622 

9. Steven Wilf (2008), ‘The Making of the Post-War Paradigm in American Intellectual Property Law’, Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts, 31 (2), 139–207 

PART III COLONIAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 

10. Lionel Bently (2007), ‘Copyright, Translations, and Relations Between Britain and India in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries’, Chicago-Kent Law Review, 82 (3), 1181–240 

11. Michael D. Birnhack (2011), ‘Hebrew Authors and English Copyright Law in Mandate Palestine’, Theoretical Inquiries in Law, 12 (1), January, 201–40 

PART IV INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

12. Lionel Bently and Brad Sherman (2001), ‘Great Britain and the Signing of the Berne Convention in 1886: Part 2’, Journal, Copyright Society of the U.S.A., 48 (3), Spring, 311–40 

13. Catherine Seville (2008), ‘Authors as Copyright Campaigners: Mark Twain’s Legacy’, Journal, Copyright Society of the U.S.A., 55 (2/3), Winter/Spring, 283–359 

PART V ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES

14. B. Zorina Khan (1995), ‘Property Rights and Patent Litigation in Early Nineteenth-Century America’, Journal of Economic History, 55 (1), March, 58–97 

15. Petra Moser (2005), ‘How Do Patent Laws Influence Innovation? Evidence from Nineteenth-Century World’s Fairs’, American Economic Review, 95 (4), September, 1214–36 

16. Naomi R. Lamoreaux, Kenneth L. Sokoloff, and Dhanoos Sutthiphisal, (2013), ‘Patent Alchemy: The Market for Technology in U.S. History’, Business History Review, 87 (1), Spring, 3–38